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Case Report: Chloroquine Induced Keratopathy – Toxicity from Systemic Use
Daniel Choi,
Stephen Orlin,
Taylor Linaburg,
Vivian Lee
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 5, September 2020
Pages:
78-81
Received:
13 August 2020
Accepted:
31 August 2020
Published:
30 September 2020
Abstract: The application of chloroquine has been expanded over time from the treatment of malaria to a variety of connective tissue, inflammatory, and dermatologic disorders. More recently, chloroquine and its derivative, hydroxychloroquine, have been investigated for its possible application against SARS-CoV-2 due to their antiviral properties. We present a case of a patient receiving chloroquine as adjuvant therapy for glioblastoma multiforme who developed significant keratopathy and review this overlooked entity in view of the resurgence of this enduring medication. A 48-year-old woman with a history of Marfan syndrome presented with a five-day history of pain and discomfort in her right eye. She had a history of glioblastoma multiforme that had been treated with surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy and was currently undergoing adjuvant treatment with chloroquine and cimetidine. Her exam was notable for decreased visual acuity, bilateral epithelial erosions, multiple subepithelial white dots in a whorl-like distribution, and decreased corneal sensation. These corneal changes reversed following cessation of chloroquine. While chloroquine related retinopathy is reported frequently in the literature, the corneal changes related to chloroquine have been less frequently discussed. With the resurgence of interest in using chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as therapy for SARS-CoV-2 due to their promising in-vitro activity against the virus [1, 2], corneal toxicity is an important side effect to identify and monitor.
Abstract: The application of chloroquine has been expanded over time from the treatment of malaria to a variety of connective tissue, inflammatory, and dermatologic disorders. More recently, chloroquine and its derivative, hydroxychloroquine, have been investigated for its possible application against SARS-CoV-2 due to their antiviral properties. We present ...
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Sharp Injuries and Associated Factors Among Health Care Professionals in Western Wollega Public Hospitals, West Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 5, September 2020
Pages:
82-89
Received:
17 September 2020
Accepted:
6 October 2020
Published:
23 November 2020
Abstract: Background: Sharp injuries (SIs) are wounds caused by sharp instruments accidentally puncturing the skin. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess magnitude of sharp injuries and associated factors among health care professionals in western “wollega” public Hospitals, west Ethiopia. Methods: Facility based cross- sectional study design was used in western “Wollega” zone public hospitals from February 10 to March 12, 2015. All health care professionals available during the study period were included in the study. Data were entered in to SPSS for windows version 16.0 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression model was done to identify independent effects of each predictor. Result: The prevalence of sharp injuries among health care professionals in western wollega public hospitals is 56 (32.9%). The prevalence of sharp injuries was higher among diploma nurses (40.5%), followed by laboratory technicians and diploma midwifery respectively. The sharp injuries experienced in the last one year were related to recapping of needle (53.6%), 48.2% during suturing, and failure to adhere to Universal precautions (33.9%). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the most important risk factor for sharp injuries were lack of training (Adjusted Odds Ratio=15.6), working experience <5 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio=9.17), >10 injection per day (Adjusted Odds Ratio=13), working more than 35 hours per week (Adjusted Odds Ratio=8.22), negative attitude (AOR=8.6), poor practice of universal precautions (Adjusted Odds Ratio=6.6), night shift work (Adjusted Odds Ratio=6.6) and recapping of needle most of the time (Adjusted Odds Ratio=9.9). Conclusion and recommendation: The prevalence of sharp injury in western wollega public hospitals is 56 (32.9%) within the last one year. Lack of training, hours worked per week, number of injection per day, work experience, poor practice, negative attitude, night shift work and recapping of needle were identified as risk factors for sharp injuries. Further prospective studies on large scale are recommended to determine the cause and effect relationship of factors affecting sharp injuries among HCPs in hospital setting.
Abstract: Background: Sharp injuries (SIs) are wounds caused by sharp instruments accidentally puncturing the skin. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess magnitude of sharp injuries and associated factors among health care professionals in western “wollega” public Hospitals, west Ethiopia. Methods: Facility based cross- sectional study design was ...
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Imaging Features of COVID-19: A Review Article
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 5, September 2020
Pages:
90-94
Received:
9 October 2020
Accepted:
23 October 2020
Published:
23 November 2020
Abstract: Background: COVID-19, which is predominantly transmitted by contact between people, turns out to be a public health emergency of international concern and it lacks specificity in both clinical manifestations and laboratory tests. It mainly causes inflammatory lesions in the lungs and can also cause injury to other major organs. Imaging methods have an important role in the diagnosis and evaluation of treatment strategies for COVID-19. Computed tomography plays an important role in the diagnosis and evaluation of the severity in compliment with the RT-PCR test. Comprehensive analysis of the patient's epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory test and imaging manifestations are necessary in order to early detection, early isolation, and early management. Objective: The purpose of this review was to summarize the radiographic, CT patterns and ultrasonographic features of COVID-19 pneumonia in order to help health professionals for reliable basis for early diagnosis and management of COVID-19. Methods: The literature search for this document was carried out comprehensively by accessing PubMed, Google scholar, Web-of-Science and other data bases. In addition helpful documents were added. Result and conclusion: The most common CT features of COVID-19 are peripherally distributed ground glass opacities, crazy paving pattern and patchy consolidation. Lung ultrasound has a key role in the clinical management of patients with COVID-19 associated lung injury.
Abstract: Background: COVID-19, which is predominantly transmitted by contact between people, turns out to be a public health emergency of international concern and it lacks specificity in both clinical manifestations and laboratory tests. It mainly causes inflammatory lesions in the lungs and can also cause injury to other major organs. Imaging methods have...
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